ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Skin biopsy with investigation of small-diameter nerve fibers in human epidermis and dermis has been proven to be a useful method for confirming small-fiber neuropathy. In medical practice, small-fiber neuropathy is increasingly recognized as a leading cause of neuropathic pain. It is a prevalent complaint in medical offices, brought by patients often as a "painful burning sensation". The prevalence of neuropathic pain is high in small-fiber neuropathies of different etiologies, especially in the elderly; 7% of population in this age group present peripheral neuropathy. Pain and paresthesia are symptoms which might cause disability and impair quality of life of patients. The early detection of small-fiber neuropathy can contribute to reducing unhealthy lifestyles, associated to higher incidence of the disease.
ABSTRACT
Abstract The last Brazilian guidelines on melanoma were published in 2002. Development in diagnosis and treatment made updating necessary. The coordinators elaborated ten clinical questions, based on PICO system. A Medline search, according to specific MeSH terms for each of the 10 questions was performed and articles selected were classified from A to D according to level of scientific evidence. Based on the results, recommendations were defined and classified according to scientific strength. The present Guidelines were divided in two parts for editorial and publication reasons. In this second part, the following clinical questions were answered: 1) which patients with primary cutaneous melanoma benefit from sentinel lymph node biopsy? 2) Follow-up with body mapping is indicated for which patients? 3) Is preventive excision of acral nevi beneficious to patients? 4) Is preventive excision of giant congenital nevi beneficious to patients? 5) How should stages 0 and I primary cutaneous melanoma patients be followed?.
Subject(s)
Humans , Melanoma/diagnosis , Melanoma/therapy , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/therapy , Brazil , Dermoscopy , Melanoma/etiology , Neoplasm Staging , Nevus/diagnosis , Nevus/therapy , Risk Factors , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy , Skin Neoplasms/etiologyABSTRACT
A oclusäo e reperfusäo das artérias esplâncnicas ocasiona choque circulatório, causado principalmente pelo aumento de permeabilidade vascular e pela agressäo celular provocada por radicais livres derivados do oxigênio. Este estudo tem por finalidade verificar a açäo do extrato de Ginkgo biloba (Egb-761) e do amido hidroxietílico (AHH) na prevençäo do choque circulatório produzido pela isquemia e reperfusäo de órgäos esplâncnicos. O Egb-761 tem propriedades antioxidantes relatadas na literatura. O AHH, tem sido utilizado como recurso terapêutico do choque hipovolêmico. Ratos anestesiados receberam infusäo contínua de Egb-761 ou AHH, sendo submetidos à isquemia (oclusäo do tronco celíaco, artéria mesentérica superior e artéria mesentérica inferior por 30 minutos) e reperfusäo (por 90 minutos) dos órgäos esplâncnicos. Foram feitas: análise histopatológica ileal, dosagem de malondialdeído ileal e determinaçäo contínua da pressäo arterial média (PAM). A PAM ao final do período de reperfusäo foi significativamente mais elevada nos animais tratados com Egb-761 e AHH, que no grupo controle (F=18,29; p<0,001). Näo houve diferença entre os grupos tratados e controle quanto à dosagem de MDA (H=4,61; p>0,10) e quanto às alteraçöes histológicas (H=6,003; p>0,10). Em conclusäo, houve melhora nas condiçöes hemodinâmicas, com atenuaçäo do choque nos ratos que receberam Egb-761 ou AHH. Novos estudos seräo necessários para se avaliar melhor as alteraçöes histológicas e para esclarecer a formaçäo de produtos finais da peroxidaçäo lipídica.